Linear KJ ramp + HR cap: unexpected stability in the green zone

This is my writing, but I used AI to proofread and tighten it up for clarity.


I’ve been experimenting with a very simple progression model over the last ~5 weeks, and the results have been more stable than anything I’ve done before.

The core idea is:

  • Fix heart rate (~135 bpm cap)
  • Increase total work by +10 kJ per day
  • Split into two rides (roughly equal KJ)
  • Let power float naturally under the HR constraint

That’s it.

No intervals. No forced intensity. Just a slow, controlled expansion of total work.


What’s interesting

On Intervals, this has kept me in the “green zone” (form/fatigue balance) longer than I’ve ever managed before.

Normally, when I try to push load, I end up oscillating:

  • Build → fatigue spike → back off → repeat

This time:

  • Load is rising steadily
  • Fatigue is contained
  • Form isn’t collapsing

It feels almost too easy, but the metrics say otherwise.


Some data points

Here’s a simplified slice of the progression:

  • Day 1: 1200 kJ total → ~1.50 W/HR
  • Day 18: 1340 kJ total → ~1.53 W/HR
  • Day 27: 1430 kJ total → ~1.55 W/HR
  • Day 36: 1520 kJ total → ~1.58 W/HR

Heart rate is basically pinned ~130–135 bpm.

Power is drifting upward slowly as a consequence, not as a target.


Observations

  1. Efficiency is trending up

    • W/HR rising from ~1.50 → ~1.58 over ~5 weeks
  2. Session-to-session variability is shrinking

    • Early on, morning vs afternoon W/HR deltas were large
    • Now they’re much tighter
  3. Fatigue is “absorbed” instead of accumulating

    • Even as KJ increases, I’m not seeing the usual breakdown
  4. The constraint seems to matter more than the load

    • The HR cap is what prevents this from turning into junk fatigue

What I think is happening

This feels like a durability-first model:

  • Peripheral adaptations (mitochondria, capillaries) are being pushed
  • Central stress is capped by HR
  • The system is being forced to become more efficient to handle the extra work

It’s basically:

controlled volume progression under a strict autonomic ceiling


Open questions

  • How long can this continue before plateau?
  • At what point does adding intensity become necessary?
  • Is there a predictable ceiling for W/HR at a fixed HR like this?
  • Has anyone else tried something similar with a strict HR cap + linear KJ ramp?

What I’m watching next

  • Pa:HR / decoupling at 135 bpm
  • Whether W/HR continues trending up or flattens
  • When (if) fatigue finally starts to outpace fitness

Curious if others have run something like this, or if there’s an obvious failure mode I’m not seeing yet.

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Reads a bit like Maffetone training to me.

Expect to see those gains in W//HR for 3 - 6 months. The rate of improvement slowing / stopping is usually taken as the signal to incorporate some speed work (high HR stuff like VO2).

Similar answers.

The ceiling is around 75 (maybe 80%) VO2max - not sure what that is W/HR, probably a specific number to you.
Plateau will occur either at the above, and/or when you can no longer increase the workload.
Intensity - a/ if you need it to achieve you cycling goals b/ if it becomes a constrainer eg need to increase VO2max so that you can increase power at 135 bpm (as a percentage of VO2max).

Haven’t done this exactly the same, but it’s a well used model to increase load whilst maintaining an intensity threshold around Z2/LT1/‘endurance’ pace etc. Unusually for all rides to be like this, even in a base phase you’d have some work above this threshold, whether it is strength on the bike, short VO2max intervals or ad-hoc racing.

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I suppose for me that will be at around 255w. Im at around 218 now. So should I start doing one vo2 and maybe 1 threshold workout per week once I hit that?

218W to 255W is a big gap, that’s saying your power at VO2max is around 340-350W?

With threshold, it’s either structured so eg VO2max or Threshold in a particular block, or ad-hoc eg racing, hard group rides.

My best 5 minute power was last year at about 376 and I’ve hit several Pr’s since then, including 20 minutes at 306w

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In the first two months of my first ever use of Maffetone training I completed 25x 2hr workouts at the MAF HR.

I increased my power at that HR by 18%

1.18 x 218 = 257

So it is not unreasonable to expect that the gap can be closed by @Steve_Balboni

Although this link relates to running, it is Mark Allen talking about the intervals he did as part of his Maffetone training.

extract

“Keep your interval sessions to around15-30 minutes of hard high heart rate effort total. This means that if you are going to the track to do intervals do about 5k worth of speed during the entire workout. Less than that and the physiological effect is not as great. More than that and you just can’t maintain a high enough effort during the workout to maximize our benefit. You want to push your interval making each one a higher level of intensity and effort than the previous one. If you reach a point where you cannot maintain your form any longer, back off the effort or even call it a day. That is all your body has to give.”

More here

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